Jet line preheater for oil burners



Dec. 24, 1940. JANITSCHEK 2,225,869.

JET LINE PREHEATER FOR OIL BURNERS F iled March 15, 1940 go Rebay [i INYENTOR. Frank Janbfschek.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 24, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in the preheating of oil for oil burners and particularly to the arrangement of an electrical heating element on the jet line of oil burners for commercial 5 and home use.

Due to the high viscosity of the heavy type fuel oils, ordinary oil burners can only burn a lighter grade of oil. Various types of arrangements have been tried for preheating the oil 10 but all of these have been placed at a position ahead of the jet line. The remaining oil in the jet line, therefore, would still be thick, and the burners would not start up in cold weather. To eliminate this condition, the present invention 15 provides an electrical heating element surrounding the jet line and relay switching means whereby the heating element may preheat the jet line and the oil in same for a given period before the pump motor goes on.

20 The object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide preheating means for heating the oil in the jet line for a certain period before the pump motor goes on thereby permitting the turning to the heavier grade of fuel oil.

25 A further object of this invention is to provide switching means for turning on the heating element for a given time before the pump motor is started.

Other objects and advantages of the invention 30 will be apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, and in which like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout 35 the same,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross section through the jet line and the surrounding draft tube,

Figure 2 is a section along line 22 in Figure l, and,

40 Figure 3 is a schematic wiring diagram of the electrical installation.

In the drawing, wherein for the purpose of illustration, is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention, the numeral l designates the 45 jet line pipe with the nozzle II and the heating element l2. The jet line is centered in the draft tube l3 and held rigidly by the disc M which has vanes I5 which together with the vanes I6 of the draft tube nozzle give the air a certain 50 turbulence. The disc l4 also holds the high tension electrodes I! the spark of which lights the oil jet.

The heating element l2 may be of any suitable tubular form and extends from the nozzle H rearward to the jet line valve.

The wiring diagram in Figure 3 gives a schematic view of the electrical connections required 5 for the operation of theinvention. The terminals i8 are connected to the house wiring and suitable leads l9 connect these terminals to the relay 25!. The leads 2! connect the heating element 12 to the relay 2!! and the leads 22 connect the pump motor 23 to the relay. The transformer 24 provides a high voltage for the electrodes H. The push buttom 25 is arranged for the starting, and the thermostat 26 automatically starts and stops the burner to control the temperature of the rooms to be heated.

The operation of my invention consists in so arranging the switching of the relay that when the oil burner is started the heating element 12 will go on first and stay on for a predetermined period. This will heat the oil in the jet line and will reduce the viscosity to permit easy starting of the burner. After the oil has thus been heated the pump motor goes on and the valve of the jet line is automatically opened in the conventional manner. The heating of the oil reduces the viscosity and permits the oil to atomize in the nozzle II and it is thus possible toobtain good atomization and efiicient burning of heavier and less costly oils than those ordinarily used. 30 The heating element will also, to some extent, preheat the oil in the draft tube and thereby improve the efficiency of combustion.

It is to be understood that the form of my invention, herewith shown and described, is to be taken as a preferred example of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to, without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the subjoined claim.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

A jet line preheater for oil burners of the character described comprising a tubular jet line, a nozzle fastened to the end of said jet line, a tubular heating element placed around said tubular jet line, a relay connected between the line terminals and said heating elements, and time delay means associated with said relay whereby the heating elements may be operated for a predetermined time before the oil burner is started. 5

FRANK J ANITSCHEK. 

